The noise of Rotary Arch-Breaker Machine mainly comes from mechanical vibration, material impact, and air flow disturbance. Control needs to start from the sound source, propagation path, and receiving end. The specific measures are as follows:
1. Sound source optimization: reducing vibration and impact noise
Mechanical structure vibration reduction
Flexible coupling: Use non-metallic elastic coupling (such as rubber/nylon material) to reduce the rigid vibration transmission between the motor and the main shaft, which can reduce noise by 5-8dB (A).
Dynamic balancing calibration: The spindle assembly needs to undergo a high-speed dynamic balancing test (accuracy level G2.5 ), with residual unbalance ≤ 5g・mm/kg , to reduce vibration noise caused by rotation eccentricity.
Low-noise bearings: Use ceramic ball bearings (10dB quieter than steel bearings) or rolling bearings with damping rings, and use lithium-based grease (penetration 265-295) to reduce friction noise.
Improved tool design
Optimized helix angle: The tool helix angle is adjusted from the traditional 30° to 45°, so that the material is gradually pushed along the tangential direction instead of suddenly hitting the cylinder wall. It can reduce the impact noise by 3-5dB (A) in actual measurement.
Flexible tool material: The edge is coated with polyurethane rubber (Shore hardness 80A), which replaces metal to directly impact the material. It is especially suitable for soft materials such as grain, and the noise reduction effect is up to 15dB (A).
2. Propagation path blocking: acoustic design
Acoustic Enclosure System
A double-layer soundproof cover is used: the inner layer is a 3mm thick damping steel plate (additional loss factor> 0.1), the outer layer is a 50mm thick glass wool felt (density 48kg/m³), the middle air layer is 20mm, and the comprehensive sound insulation is ≥25dB (A).
The cover body is equipped with sound-absorbing shutters (blade spacing 10mm, inclination angle 30°) and built-in micro-perforated plates (aperture 0.8mm, perforation rate 1-3%) to balance ventilation and noise reduction requirements.
Silo Structural Acoustic Treatment
A constrained damping layer is pasted on the inner side of the silo wall: the bottom layer is a 2mm thick butyl rubber damping layer (loss factor > 0.3), and the outer layer is covered with a 3mm thick aluminum foil constraint layer to suppress the vibration and acoustic radiation of the silo body and reduce noise by about 8-12dB (A).
Install elastic buffer pads (such as silicone plates, 10mm thick) in the discharge port area to reduce the high-frequency noise generated by material impacting the discharge port.
3. Auxiliary control: airflow and operation strategy
Airflow noise suppression
Models with pneumatic functions need to install a small-hole silencer (hole diameter 2-5mm, hole spacing 5-10mm) in the compressed air pipeline to reduce the jet noise from 95dB (A) to below 80dB.
Optimize the nozzle angle: the angle between the air flow injection direction and the tool rotation direction is ≤45° to avoid turbulent noise generated by gas-solid two-phase flow.
Intelligent operation control
Frequency conversion speed regulation: Dynamically adjust the speed according to the material characteristics. For example, high-viscosity materials are started at a low speed (10rpm), and then reduced to 5rpm after normal unloading, which can reduce high-speed rotation noise by more than 10dB (A).
Intermittent operation mode: The arch breaking is triggered by the material level sensor, and the single operation time is ≤10 minutes to avoid long-term continuous operation and aggravated noise accumulation.
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